eee2p.gif (2459 bytes)

Economia & Energia
No 24 - Janeiro - Fevereiro 2000  ISSN 1518-2932

setae.gif (977 bytes) English Version 

Support:         
fapemiggif.gif (1508 bytes)

BUSCA

CORREIO

DADOS ECONÔMICOS

DOWNLOAD

e&e ANTERIORES

e&e No 24

Energy Demand for the Domestic Sector 

Emission of Greenhouse Effect Gases in the Domestic Sector 

e&e’s methodology for the Energy Matrix Projection

Emission Coefficients Matrix  Calculation

e&e links
Guestbook

http://ecen.com

 

COEFFICIENTS OF THE EMISSION MATRIX

PROJECT: SUPPLY OF AN INSTRUMENT FOR ESTIMATING THE EMISSION OF GREENHOUSE EFFECT GASES COUPLED WITH THE ENERGY MATRIX”

AGREEMENT    MINISTRY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
 ECONOMY & ENERGY - NGO   Objective 3  January 31, 2001

Introduction

In order to obtain the emission matrix from the energy matrix extrapolation it is necessary to choose coefficients that permit to infer the emission corresponding to fuel consumption in final energy. As a first approximation, the coefficients used by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change – IPCC, revision 1996, will be used. Whenever possible, values that are more appropriate to the Brazilian conditions will be adopted, namely those originating from studies concerning the national inventory and projections concerning new technologies.

Methodology

This work presents the methodology used for estimating the greenhouse effect gases emission matrix  originating from fuel combustion in the various economy sectors. The objective is to obtain a coefficient to be  multiplied by the fuel consumption of each energy source in a specific sector of the economy in order to have the emitted quantity of each of the greenhouse effect gases.

The IPCC methodology separates the calculation of greenhouse effect gases in the following way:

-          CO2 emission from the fuel carbon content;

-          CH4, N2O, NOx and CO from the consumption of each fuel source organized according to the economy sector;

-          SO2 emission from the sulfur content in the fuel and in its ashes.

We describe below the steps followed in the emission coefficients calculation.

I)  CO2 coefficients

      1)conversion to terajoule

         The conversion factor is A= 41,868 TJ/103 tep

       2) multiplication by the emission factor in order to calculate the carbon content

The IPCC supplies the emission factors (in tons of C/TJ) for primary and secondary liquid fuel, primary and secondary solid fuel, natural gas and solid, liquid and gaseous biomass.  

B = emission factor for the fuel in question

3) correction for non-oxidised carbon  

Fraction of oxidised carbon

Coal 0,98
Petroleum and its   products 0,99
Gas 0,995

C = fraction of oxidised carbon of the energy source

4)conversion from oxidised carbon to CO2 emission

Multiplying the conversion factor by the emission factor of the fuel in question (times 10-3 in order to have Gg of C/TJ) and by the corresponding  fraction of oxidised carbon, we will have the carbon emission coefficient in Gg/103 tep of fuel. In order to obtain the CO2 emission coefficient it is sufficient to multiply the above coefficient by 44/12.

   CO2 emission coefficient = A*B*C*44/12 (Gg of CO2/103 tep)

2) CH4, N2O, NOx and CO coefficients

The IPCC supplies the emission factors for the above mentioned gases, for the following fuels and economy sectors (inn kg/TJ):
               Fuel : coal, natural gas, oil (gasoline and diesel), wood and wood wastes, charcoal, biomass and other wastes
               Sector: Energy industries, Manufacturing industries and Construction Transport (aviation, road, railway, navigation) and Others (agriculture, forestry and fishing)

1)       conversion to terajoule

           The conversion factor is A= 41,868 TJ/103 tep

2)       multiplication by the emission factor (of the respective gas) for the economy sector and for the fuel in question

B = emission factor for the fuel in question and for the specific economy sector

Multiplying  the emission factor (times 10-6 to have Gg of the gas /TJ) we will have the emission factor for the respective gas in Gg/103 tep)

Emission coefficient (of the  respective gas) = A B*10 -6 (Gg / 10 3 tep)

III) SO2 coefficient

 1)       conversion to  terajoule

The conversion factor is A= 41,868 TJ/103 tep

 2) calculation of the SO2 emission factor 

 3) B= 2* [(%sulfur content/100)]*[1/ net calorific value]*[(100-%sulfur  retention in ash)/100.

The IPCC supplies the net calorific value for different energy sources in TJ/103 t.

SO2 emission coefficient = A*B* (Gg/103 tep)

Note: The sulfur content of natural gas is given in g/cm3 and the net calorific value should be given in kJ/m3. The sulfur content in natural gas should not be divided by 100 in the calculation of B.

Results

The attached spreadsheets show the preliminary values to be used..