Economy
& Energy
No 41: December
2003 - January 2004
ISSN 1518-2932
|
Economy
& Energy |
|
Opinion: Text for Discussion: What affects the Brazilian Exports? Article: Energy Emissions – Brazil 1970/2002 Definitions and Data: Some Indexes of the Brazilian Inflation Indexes of the American Inflation
Energy Emissions – Brazil 1970/2002 1.2.2 Emissions by Activity and in Transformation. 1.3 Emissions by Energy Source. 1.3.1 Evolution of Emissions by Sector 1.3.2: Evolution of Emissions by Activity. 1.4 Evolution of Emissions by Energy Source in the 1970/2002 Period 1.4.1 Emissions by Primary Energy of Origin. 1.4.2 Emissions by Energy Source.
|
Agreements
MCT (Brazilian Science and Technology Ministry)/
Projects: Estimate of greenhouse effect gases emissions from fossil fuel
combustion in Brazil
Energy Sources Emissions`1970/2002
MCT team: Supervisior: José Domingos Gonzalez Miguez Technical staff: Branca Bastos Americano Newton Paciornik e&e team: Coordinator: Carlos Feu Alvim Technical staff: Carlos Feu Alvim Frida Eidelman Omar Campos Ferreira
1.2.2 Emissions by Activity and in Transformation. 1.3 Emissions by Energy Source. 1.3.1 Evolution of Emissions by Sector 1.3.2: Evolution of Emissions by Activity. 1.4 Evolution of Emissions by Energy Source in the 1970/2002 Period 1.4.1 Emissions by Primary Energy of Origin. 1.4.2 Emissions by Energy Source.
SummaryEmissions from the use and transformation of energy represent in most countries the most important share of the total greenhouse effect gases that contribute to the global warming. The emissions of greenhouse gases from energy use and transformation in Brazil in the period 1970/2002 were estimated. Emissions of the following gases are presented: carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), nitrous oxide (N2O), carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen oxides (NOx) and other non-methane volatile organic compounds (NMVOCs). Emissions were calculated through the benemis-e program developed by Economy & Energy – NGO, for the Ministry of Science and Technology. The program uses data from the National Energy Balance –BEN, and emission coefficients supplied by the staff that elaborates the Brazilian inventory of the greenhouse effect gases. Tables and graphics of the following results are presented: · Global results · Emissions in year 2002 · Evolution of emissions by sector and activity in the1970/2002 period · Evolution of emissions by energy source in the 1970/2002 period. 1. Results1.1 Global ResultsThe emissions of the main considered gases are presented in Table 1.1. Besides the results of the program, data relative to population and Gross Domestic Product (GDP) were also included in the Table.
Table 1.1. Emissions of greenhouse effect gases, associated with the use of energy in selected years (Emissions Brazil: 1970/2002
(*) Emissions excluding biomass In Table 1.1 are presented emissions of all gases considered in the program as well as data for carbon dioxide without biomass emission (CO2*), according to IPCC recommendation, and data with biomass emission (CO2). It is also presented data relative to CO that could be subject to the same restriction, since in a few years CO is converted to CO2 and therefore its effect when originated from biomass is nullified (absorbed=emitted). For the other carbon compounds (CH4 and NMVOCs) the dynamics is more complex, even though, in the long term, the resulting CO2 is null when originated from renewed biomass. As a global measure of these emissions one can use the total carbon. In the table are presented the carbon emissions from renewable fuels and the total emission. In Table 1.2 are given the growth rate values of the parameters presented in the previous table in the considered years. Table 1.2. Annual growth rate of parameters corresponding to the emissions of greenhouse effect gases associated with energy use and transformation for the selected period (Emissions Brazil: 1970/2001).
|
No
41 Em
Português